Apparatus for distilling oil



June 24, 1930.

A. scHwARz 1,765,886

APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING OiL Filed June 16. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 fi ewzibr: oil "real Sckwarz,

June 24, 1930. A. SCHWARZ 1,755,836

APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING OIL I Filed Juhe 16. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 24, 1930.

A. SCHWARZ 1,765,886

APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING OIL Filed Jude 16. 1928 s Sheets-Sheet s CONDENSER .iinit volume" of toil'fth'an Vwhena relatively flarge body of oil; is beingftr'eated 'sfo-that' V 'eaeh parti cle of the oil in the still is rapidly H raised to a cracking temperature and va or V i fing cracking, it deposits upon, the heating surface which may be removed for cleaning I ioiiehalf to two inches; in thickness before i, r'emovalgf lt will iinde'rstoocl that V l fresheh'arging stock 'ispufmped into the;

a still, very little carbon" is 'separatecl roe a tionsv take place" betweeri' the 1 molejoules l calip oi vt, most 'of e light @0111 liming been remeveclancl also mest'of the 'liquid .phasei IQQCftlQIlS hav ng taken place? The and at this eritieal: perio'cl the earbor'rcleiiosition bejcomeslso rapidthatthe'operator must ti'0n.;; For this purpose "therei is provided thefoperator mayigaiige :the "thiek essl of thecarbon on 'th'e heating elemeritg .I the' rh awings 5 I l V .QI-is'fa eti 'rmefniy inventioni; r

l ;1Fig.' 2 .s a vertical: sectio medified forrhoi apparatus;

Eig is a plarrgview 'otaja battery aeeorclance .xjvith my ih'vention P llustria ting various urtenances-,1; an 7 Fig. 5 1s a viewsi nlfl artejllligili'show V heatirig it will be seen {that the'heat ooncentration'is inueh'high'er'per' top as shown in Fig. 1. By reference to Fig,

atiritervalslj Ipreferito permit thelcarbo nl 1 to'ja'ccumulatef1na -layer of approx mately', g g a [being bolted: together as shown-'at 2l for considerable perio of time; this" being fclue v j to fth'e fact 'thatftheoi-l enly part ally: dis; ,till ed and only partial chemi'cal :inter-ieacr:

a 1 [1 After a certair1; duration 1 ot heatin g l ever, the eoi tentjs offthestill reaches a 011131 7 f place l very rapidly with more' frapicl depositi'onfof carbon. Gas and vapor 'areiset free 'keepielosewateh" on"the' earheniaccumula j g I 7 other heating mecli'umi. The c over 19 isv 'small'rofcl passing through aisti fiingbeii en's the outer shell-of the still and' 'lexte'neing e al y f t estill-illi $11611 I Q YLthatJ surfaces" of the stilland eov'er are,preferablV,-'

provided with a heat'insulating'jlayer; ('n'o t g V g g :77 o n) r a g H V V a more detailechunderst'antling oi: the? invention 'reterenoeflwil'lj be "hadfitp' the ac j comp ying drawings which: show several 2 mb imei t i? -1 y"" inY ti he ein "for illiistrative'. ptirpeseslonly, ancl ar'e {not v to abef construed as limiting; the inveiitio n i -2 o g 15 through theoylinclrical member eas d:- cal sect on through; one

' the member'l23 ai1jcl easing-lltlahd. thencesto rough at Figie' is a view- 0f :airo fistil'l f rt-J f-jib ry: hGWIl a n agFi'g- 1 thin, o being? no '1 more; thaii i arid Pvaporized' fresh barging stolrfis ied:

lfilfilllllghf inlet {12 in maintain the oilfle'vel pa :fiS of e ular colmm q 1 charge. liff vaporsthrou ruriland prior to removal of the heater here-" inafter described. 'At 13 is shown an addi-i 'tion'alvalved. outlet. The top of the casing; g;

is provided with a peripheral flange T141 1 extending outwardly therefrom; as shown. f Resting t pori thefiange 1% is the peripheral ized ith-the result thatZtheQiI' withir the ii g 15 f h ow ylindri al inneric'esi still at any one time remainsthere foronly- ".a short interval so that it is possible to'feedf ing-lG- haVing a closed bettem l7andan open 1,,it will be seen that the cylindrical casing 7 l0 anclf the concentric oylinclrical'casing 16 ferinra closepl a nularpassage 18 through whichtheoil may flow-. A removable top or CoverllS; ha ing'peripher-al flange 20- rests"; v upen'th'e flange l5, the ,fiangeslt, '15 and 20 readyicletaehirient' of thetop'l9 ancl 'cylimler 'lfifre-ni the-easing lOfsozthatthe memhe'r lGI the bottozi 117 [of theta-sing 16'tajs shown in the drawings-gilt 24 thereisconventionally shown anioil bumev having oil inlet an cl air inlet QGf-the; ba rier jextending"through v the top plate 22 'aricl into'ithe -cyli1iclri cal" 155 member23;; Anyiotherjmeans m ay besubj 'stitutecl I for the burne 24 for supplying 9 heating'm'eclium; to the, member 23;]Th'e'1 f m y e-rsp c dty a" superheated": 2 stea ii, inlet} "or, {an inlet "for? flue. gases 013 lP OVi tlTed fWitlj. of inlet for discharge-l" of, the spent [heating medn'im'. Thefbuter? upwarclly' through'thejjassage 29*f0rhieclaby the 'oiitlet 27. I 'The'fiow; of'hot' gases throiigh is rapicllygiinparted' to all; portionsof t'h'el "annular coluinn of oil surro iincling the same due'tojQthe ifaotthatQtheIeOl [relatively ies"1 ;oil is; leraeked j thiekiles's i as stated; fAs

sepzn' ate slectionsj l6 and *the'fianges at1 6 p J H, 7- The bperation'o'f the device-shown in Fig ehargec1"ihto* the still threu gH jup vtjthe 1eve1' 28, and this 'level' beingmain tipiri'ed constant by confinuou introdiicgipnf, J V The O'theris't'eps 16f,

" preeeduive areisimil'ar 110 these described' ifi eennection' With-Fig.1 1, the Oil being passed of fresh Charging eto'ekg through the still as a column no more ithan three inchesv in 'thiekness and the carbon coi lect'ed upon. the heaters; which: are remo'yed..;.

V aiiclbleanecl o rii' ep laced after they have ife-f fever; withia n' lmp roved'iornfibfliquitilevei v 5' 1 I hc W eve'r,+a eonslde ably larger volume v0i" "5011* may dist lled or cracked pee- 1111b 01 timewith'ilt faltering the thiiclmess: 05 theQcohlmn Qf oilinthe stillencljthe still 1 ay be expended 0r:ceiltractedin size to rt r e I V M V I e v. fIn Fi'g's. 3j2indi42,I'havemMemless tiiearranged so tha{o-one el more-units tliiegk may be 0111; 011i; f the system whileflghe Qtheps a e m "0136132131011; As will .idigchargingvape e. H I

n dwiep'ei" lmesf-EZ to a jeependingfapplie mi '11 I fed td-the, different still un t e the battery 'sueith' re r nde'nser on vcCiri'dezis a n n lly i QWi ji 0 k .J. pressupef LWIH net 16", by imboiting'? 7 2 returned to the stills b'lifi'mw be withdrwv i,

1 The operation in each oi; i the s'tillsflO Ofthe'battery' issimil arto that 'desc'ribedi'n gco'nnection with Figs. 1 and'2, butiby meafis 0f the'system -just described -"g frenithe system.

ceivedi a {carbon deposit of one half to; fwe

' ,inehes' thickness; In 'ihis operatieiglfliqtiid levei in the 'sijilig 7 fr'rieet'lthe partieulaf Heme-tide f of j: {she oil; l

? battery sjsjimilalj' to that 'sfievvn in 1' by; the'y' iiiziy'i be e'ns ti lictedi as". 'show iin -my S61. No. 67,217, thef' n1"a ,in' points beingfthei the internal heaters 1 are; easily'j emoyabieen'djfihat {the oil is] V i}t1jated*-in a relatively thin column which} *ieurrouiidsi hef ma e Charging sjgoek is:

v Kiwis 5,55%}

therisln'ittingr dbwn' jefl iihe entire system: is

110; neeessafyves one 01" more f -the stills may be alternacely'cut ,oubof the'sy'tm for} flan-similar t0 thz bof Fig. 1 prpvided, how:

a ge ier: asee'rtagining' at eny time' the-- be detei r med.

,Thenlis'uzpl type of 'gl'ess; gauge applied to sti11$"'c0ntaining;

heavy Oils lies the defect thatjtheheayyflbil1- fegsthe'gauge hss Withl'the re suit 11% the trueiiquildieyel cannot readily-f I? v 'The'ga'uge; illustrated :in .e V 5 airelds this deIect-jand 1s' =bjzisled upen V theu'se in the geiige 'gles's:Q e 11ght' l qu1d V 3, sten dpip'e' extending {partially *mlorjig the 1 length of file still: '10 and een nected 'tqfthef' and hafsfjpp'e'n" communicat on :With a, small;

75,72; Tiheeenderieer "7Q isfeonne'ctedto. Vapor;

butiet 11 by" ira-lved pi'pe 76; {A 7 gauge 'glfa'ss 77 has commui'iica ti on atits-upper andglfeweig ends with the sta nc lpipe 70]--through ;the

wheaines end.

to becm'ckedythe valved 'linfes' 78''an'g17 Sta'nd1p1pe 70 glass and smfidep p ias um "i 1' nam v i id led into 'thecdiidense 'r-f'ik; m be drain '80 at its lower-end a e ened: liquid: *inlet '81 abits upperf I 1 g lniluse; the valved 11116371 'and 72 b nga 78'.andg79' iiespeetively, ffThe" f glass gauge 77 is'pi o'videclwithja i ivlli d,

'tainable. Were the'gau ge glassfilled with I the same liquid asicontainedin the still and undergoing cracking, the reading of the By virtue of the process and apparatus siblecarbons with efficientI'utilization of heat in liquid level would be diificult, if not impos- It will, of course, be.understoodthat if fractional condensersor. dephlegmators' are, employed in the system,-the condenser 7 4: may be connected into the vapor linebehind such fractional condensers ordephlegmators; oreven behind the Ifinal condenser if the light oilemployed is morefvolatile than the final product of the process. 7

hereinbefore described, able to obtain high. percentage yields of gasoline hydro-,.

put and comparatively little annoyance from carbon deposition as compared to.

becomes difierent modifications jto be understood that theseare not limiting upon the invention as period of time.

i prior methods and apparatus for cracking.

hand a large or small quantity ofoil which i or crackedlwithin a given I I must be distilled Although I have illustrated described? various changes and I vmodifications may bemade' without departe V with an .oil inlet at the I flange removably ingfrom the spirit of the invention as expressed'in the appended claims.

Having described my invention,;wha t I,

' and below the liquid level in the condenser, and means eifecting claim'and desire to secure byLettersPatent" v An? apparatus ffor' cracking oils comthe flange ofsaid outercasing, theinner and outer casings forming a closed narrow oil passage, flange of tube extending from said ner casing said tube,and an outlet for said inner oas j ing for removing spent heating medium therefrom. I v I I The combination with an oil still having a vapor outlet of a standpipe having communication with the still atpoints i above glass communicating with said standpipe,-a

a removable cover supported on the. I said inner casing, an open-ended cover into said in to a'point abovethebottom therev of,'means for supplying a heating medium to.

communica still,-a gauge] tion between said vapor line and condenser Y and between said condenser and standpipe.

In testimony whereof I aiiix'mysignature. ALFRED SCHWA'RZ, I

of myinvention, it is I prising an outer vertical casing provided bottom and a vapor outlet adjacent the. top

and having an; outi wardly' extending flange at ,its top portion,

an inner casing concentric withsaidouter casing and having an o utwardly extending said outer casing, the inner and outer cask ings forming anarrow C lOSQd'Olll passage, a cover for both said caslngsflremovably "sup- I ported on the flangeoffsaid inner casing,

in said cover forvdischar-ging spentheating medium to said inner-fcasing,g-and anzoutlet medium from said inner casing.

supported on the flange of means insaid cover for supplying a heating" a 2. An apparatus for cracking oil comprisj 'i f I ing an outer vertical casing'provid'edwith an outwardly directed-flange at its. top,'an inner oil-inlet and a vapor outlet and having an 1 casing concentric with saidouter. casing having a closed bottom and an opentop, an. out

Wardly directed flange at the-upperpo'rtion; of said inner casing removablyisupported on 'ios 

